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Polymers and Polymer Composites

Utilization of chicken eggshell waste as a bio-filler for thermoplastic polymers: thermal and mechanical characterization of polypropylene filled with naturally derived CaCO3

September 1, 2015 By: Arabi Hassen A; Melike Dizbay-Onat; Dhruv Bansal; Bayush T; Uday Vaidya Research article

Title: Utilization of chicken eggshell waste as a bio-filler for thermoplastic polymers: thermal and mechanical characterization of polypropylene filled with naturally derived CaCO3
Page Range: p.653-662
Author(s): Arabi Hassen A; Melike Dizbay-Onat; Dhruv Bansal; Bayush T; Uday Vaidya
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Journal: Polymers and Polymer Composites
Issue Year: ppc
Volume: 23
Issue No: No.9

Abstract
The processing and characterisation of polypropylene/eggshell composites was the main objective of this study. Natural source-derived calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was extracted from waste chicken eggshell and compounded with polypropylene polymer. The compound was moulded using the Extrusion Compression Moulding (ECM) process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were conducted on the eggshell to characterise its constituents. The effects of filler loading, 30 wt.% eggshell and 30 wt.% eggshell with 5 wt.% of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) on the mechanical and thermal properties were studied. The addition of a small amount of MAPP during melt extrusion improved the dispersion and bonding of CaCO3 particles in polypropylene. 7.49% decrease in tensile strength, 35.51% enhancement in flexural modulus and 66.05% increase in notched Izod impact energy were obtained by adding 30 wt.% eggshell with 5 wt.% MAPP to polypropylene. Adding 30-wt % of eggshell filler and 5 wt.% MAPP to polypropylene delayed the flame propagation time by 99 seconds. 21 Refs.

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